Προβολικό γλωσσάρι. Τι λέτε? Το φτιάχνουμε?

Γιάννης Χατζηγεωργίου

Γιάννης Χατζηγεωργίου

AVClub Fanatic
19 June 2006
35,670
Η ιδέα είναι να δημιουργηθεί ένα γλωσσάρι όρων σχετικά με την βιντεοπροβολή το οποίο θα βοηθάει τους νεοεισερχόμενους, αλλά, και τους πιο παλιούς να ''ξεσκονίζουν'' πραγματάκια.


Π.χ. όροι όπως:

Σύγκλιση, offset φακού, keystone, long throw, short throw, ρυθμιστικά gain/offset/colour/tint/saturation/cms, gain οθόνης, masking, lumens, nits κ.λ.π.

Σ´αυτό το νήμα θα συγκεντρώνουμε όλες τις απορίες σχετικά με τους όρους (θα ανανεώνω συνεχώς το πρώτο ποστ) και κατόπιν θα δημιουργηθεί νέο που θα ενσωματώσει μονάχα τους ορισμούς. Το παρόν thread δεν θα έχει μόνο τον χαρακτήρα συλλογής όρων, αλλά, και εξήγησής τους. Δηλαδή, θα μπορούμε να συζητούμε εκτενώς περί της τελικής μορφής του ορισμού ώστε να επιτύχουμε όσο το δυνατόν περισσότερη ακρίβεια στη διατύπωση. Φυσικά, το όλο εγχείρημα είναι να φτιάξουμε ένα γλωσσάρι στα Ελληνικά (όσο αυτό είναι δυνατόν) το οποίο θα εμπλουτίζεται καθημερινά ώστε να μην θεωρηθεί ποτέ παρωχημένο. Τέλος, διευκρινίζω ότι σκοπός του παρόντος δεν είναι η παραπομπή με κάποιο λινκ σε αγγλόφωνο site του στυλ ''πάρε και διάβασε''.

Όσο πιο πολλοί, τόσο πιο καλά!!

Τι λέτε? Θα βάλετε ένα χεράκι να φτιάξουμε το γλωσσάρι της βιντεοπροβολής?



A

Ambience, Analog, ANSI, ANSI lumens, ANSI contrast, Aspect ratio, Auto balance, Anamorphic, Anamorphic Lens, Arifacts,

B

Backlit, Built-in loop through, Brightness, Bulb, blooming, banding, Brilliant Color, Black Level, Bleeding,

C

Chrominance, Color banding, Color temperature, Component video, Compression, Contrast ratio, Color Break-up, Color Wheel, Convergence, Clarity, CMS, Colorimeter,

D

Dithering, Dichroic filter, Digital signal, Distribution amplifier, DLP (digital light processing), DVI (digital visual interface), DMD, D65,

E

Edge Enhancement,

F

Fader, Foot Lamberts, Frame,

G

Gamma, Gain, Grayscale,

H

HDMI, Hue, HDTV, HD Ready,

I

Interface, Illuminance, Interlaced, Interpixel Gap,

J

Judder (motion, telecine), Jaggy (aliasing),

K

Keystoning, Kelvin,

L

LCD (liquid crystal display), Lumen, Luminance, Lens (shift, focus, offset, long throw, short throw, zoom, abberation), Lux, LCOS, Letterbox,

M

Metal halide, Multiplex, Moire',

N

Nits,

O

Overscan-Underscan,

P

Pixel, PAL, Polysilicon, Photometer, Posterization (false contouring), Progressive (signal), Pulldown (2:2, 3:2, 2:3),

R

Rainbow effect, Resolution, Ringing, RGB,

S

Screen Gain, Scan converter, SECAM (sequential coulcur a memoire), Sharpness, Spectrophotometer, SXRD, Saturation,

T

TFT (thin film transfer), Three-panel LCD, Tint, Throw distance,

U

Uniformity, Upscale-downscale, Upconvert-downconvert, UHP,

W

White Level,
 
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Ambience
Ambience refers to a room’s level of lighting, such as daylight, artificial light, etc. The higher the ambience, the brighter the projector needs to be to produce a viewable image.

Analog
An analog video signal uses a variable voltage to equal the pixel value, as opposed to digital pulses.

ANSI
ANSI stands for the American National Standards Institute. The power of the illumination and the contrast ratio on a projector are always preceded by ANSI because they’ve officially approved this format of lighting.

ANSI lumens
ANSI lumens refers to the degree of brightness illuminated in a projector’s display, measured in “candles”.

Aspect ratio
The aspect ratio is the ratio of width to height of a projected picture.

Auto balance
Auto balance is a system that detects errors in color balance in black and white areas of the picture, and automatically adjusts the black and white levels of both the read and blue signals as needed for correction.

Backlit
A backlit remote control or control panel has illuminated buttons and controls, great for operating a projector in a dark room.

Built-in loop through
A built-in loop through in a projector allows another screen or projector to be connected, displaying the same signal.

Chrominance
The chrominance of a picture refers to its color saturation and hue.

Color banding
Color banding occurs when the transition of color from one to another isn’t smooth.

Color temperature
Color temperature refers to the amount of “whiteness” of a light source. Metal halide lamps have much higher color temperatures than halogen lights.

Component video
Component video delivers the best quality video image possible.

Compression
Compression is used to convert one resolution to another. For example, a projector that has SVGA resolution may accept XGA resolution and compress it to SVGA, resulting in a clearer picture.

Contrast ratio
The contrast ratio refers to the ratio of darkness to brightness.

Dichroic
Dichroic is a mirror or lens in a projector that reflects or refracts wavelengths of light, thus separating the white light into red, green and blue.

Digital signal
A digital signal is strung together in infinite variations at rapid speeds to transmit computer information.

Distribution amplifier
A distribution amplifier allows one source signal to be amplified and distributed over significant distances, through multiple outputs.

DLP (digital light processing)
DLP is the display technology developed by Texas Instruments which uses mirrors to display an image.

DVI (digital visual interface)
DVI refers to the digital interface between projectors and PCs. A projector that has DVI can send a digital-to-digital connection, without converting to analog, thereby delivering a clear image.

Fader
The fader on a projector is a control that allows you to balance the sound between the internal and external speakers.

Focus
The focus on a projector defines the minimum and maximum projection distances.

Foot lamberts
Foot lamberts are a measurement of reflected light off a surface. It’s determined by taking the light output of your projector and dividing it by the square footage of your screen, them multiplying by the screen gain.

HDMI (high-definition multimedia interface)
HDMI is a standard for video interfacing, with a bandwidth of up to 5 gigabytes, which means it can easily support all HDTV standards.

Interface
Interface refers to the connection between different elements of a system, which converts the signal so it can be recognized by both elements.

Keystoning
Automatic keystoning is a projector feature that creates a uniform image top to bottom by correcting the image if it’s projected onto the screen on an angle.

LCD (liquid crystal display)
LCD is a display technology that uses electric current to align crystals in a special liquid. The rod-shaped crystals are contained between two parallel transparent electrodes, and when current is applied, they change their orientation, creating a darker area.

Lumen
A lumen is a measurement of light. The higher the lumen count, the brighter the projection.

Luminance
Luminance refers to the color intensity of an image.

Metal halide
Metal halide light bulbs give off a much brighter image and last longer than halogen. High-end, and some medium projectors now use metal halide bulbs.

Multiplex
Multiplex allows you to split an image into several panels on a single screen.

NTSC (national television standards committee)
NTSC is the video transmission system used in America.

PAL (phase alternating line)
PAL is the video transmission system used in the Western Europe, Asia, Australia and certain countries in South America and the Far East.

Pixel
A pixel is a small dot that represents a single element of a display.

Polysilicon
Polysilicon is a material used in the manufacture of the LCD screen in high-end multimedia projectors. It gives a better contrast ratio and faster response time than TFT LCD screens.

Projector
A projector is a device that integrates a light source, optics system, electronics and displays, thus projecting an image from a computer or video onto a surface for large image viewing.

Rainbow effect
On DLP projectors, the rainbow effect is created by the inability of the DLP color wheels to refresh pixels fast enough, resulting in some color separation on the edges of fast-moving objects.

Resolution
Resolution is defined by the number of dots a display uses to create an image, expressed in pixels. For example VGA is 640 x 480, and SVGA is 1280 x 1024. The higher the resolution, the sharper the image.

Scan converter
A scan converter in a projector converts a digital signal from a computer to a video signal, thus allowing it to be shown on a video projector or TV monitor.

SECAM (sequential coulcur a memoire)
SECAM is the video transmission standard in France, Russia Eastern Europe and some countries in Africa.
Short throw lens
A short throw lens is designed to project the largest possible image from a short distance.

TFT (thin film transfer)
TFT allows for more efficient use of the light source that creates the image from LCD panels.

Three-panel LCD
Some projectors used 3 LCD panels, one for each primary color, which enhances color reproduction and gives a richer image.

Throw distance
The throw distance is the distance from the center of a projector lens to the center of the screen onto which it’s projecting.

Zoom lens
A zoom lens is a feature on higher-end projectors that allows adjustment of focal length instead of moving the projector.
 
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Re: Απάντηση: Προβολικό γλωσσάρι. Τι λέτε? Το φτιάχνουμε?

spcav said:
Εκανα report το post σου γιατι δεν βγαζω ακρη τι λες! :p
Click to expand...

Εκανα report το post σου γιατι δεν βάζεις τόνους και στο τέλος βγάζεις γλώσσα! :Banane0:
 
Convergence Error

Colors of a color component display such as a CRT or projector do not line up correctly to create a proper image and create color halos or incorrect color.


Color Temperature

Color balance of white light which goes from red to blue as the temperature rises. Measured in degrees Kelvin, which starts at absolute 0 or –273 degrees Celsius, color temperature matches the reference standard of the light being emitted from a carbon block heated to the stated degrees. For instance, the early morning sun is around 2500K, which is the same warm light that a carbon block heated to 2227° Celsius would emit. Heating the block further to ~10000° Celsius would emit the same bluish light of a blue-sky mid-day sun. Common color temperatures are 5500 Kelvin (black and white movies) and 6500 Kelvin (standard color films).


Zoom Ratio

Zoom ratio is the ratio between the smallest and largest image a lens can projector from a fixed distance.



Black Level

The darkest part of a picture. This can vary between display devices and viewing environments. NTSC black is set at 7.5 IRE, which is very slightly gray. The white level divided by the black level gives a contrast ratio for a particular display device.


White Level

The signal level that corresponds to the maximum picture brightness. The white level is set by the contrast control.
 
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Μήπως να το κάναμε sticky; Πάντως αν και ξέρω πολύ καλά αγγλικά, γνώμη μου ότι θα πρεπε να τα έχουμε όλα σε ελληνικά αφενός γιατί δεν έχουν όλοι γνώση της αγγλικής, αφετέρου γιατί έχει ορολογίες οι οποίες δεν είναι και στο επίπεδο των αγγλικών μας γνώσεων, αν βέβαια υπάρχει τρόπος να γίνει αυτό. Πάντως συγχαρητήρια για την πρόταση, ήταν κάτι που έλειπε και θα φανεί πολύ χρήσιμο ώστε να ανατρέχουμε ανά πάσα στιγμή.
 
3D Ready

A projector that is 3D Ready can accept a 120Hz frame-sequential 3D signal from a computer via either NVIDIA's 3D Vision system or one of several educational software suites. These projectors are not compatible with the HDMI 1.4 3D specification used on 3D Blu-ray players and set-top boxes.

Anamorphic

A technique for changing aspect ratios by optically or digitally stretching or compressing an image to or from a format with a different native aspect ratio. Movie studios used this technique to put the first widescreen movies on standard 35mm film and then used an anamorphic lens to recreate the image in the widescreen format in which it was originally shot.

Anamorphic Lens

An anamorphic lens is a lens that has different optical magnification along mutually perpendicular radii. This provides the ability to project a source image of one aspect ratio, such as 4:3, into a different aspect ratio, such as 16:9, by using different magnifications for the horizontal and the vertical dimensions of the projected image.


ANSI Contrast

Contrast is the ratio between white and black. The larger the contrast ratio the greater the ability of a projector to show subtle color details and tolerate extraneous room light. There are two methods used by the projection industry: 1) Full On/Off contrast measures the ratio of the light output of an all white image (full on) and the light output of an all black (full off) image. 2) ANSI contrast is measured with a pattern of 16 alternating black and white rectangles. The average light output from the white rectangles is divided by the average light output of the black rectangles to determine the ANSI contrast ratio. When comparing the contrast ratio of projectors make sure you are comparing the same type of contrast. Full On/Off contrast will always be a larger number than ANSI contrast for the same projector.

Brilliant Color

Brilliant Color - a technology developed by Texas Instruments for its DLP projectors that produces six channels of color including red, green, blue, cyan, magenta, and yellow; thereby, allowing an increase in the color gamut.

Color Break-up

Image anomaly which looks like a rainbow at the edge of bright objects on screen. Also called rainbow effect where sequential color systems, such as single chip DLP projectors or some LCoS RPTVs, update color information at different locations on the screen because of quick movement of screen objects or a viewer’s gaze. For instance, the red component of a white object will show at a different location on the screen than blue when an object moves quickly across because color is being displayed sequentially. This also occurs with quick relative movement such as moving your gaze from point to point across the screen. Most noticeable in bright objects.

Color Wheel

Rotating wheel with 3 or more translucent color filters used to display sequential color on single imager light valve based projection devices. The imager reflects or transmits the color component of a given image when the wheel’s corresponding color filter is affecting the light passing through to the lens. A 1X wheel cycles through all colors in 1/60th of a second.

Dithering

Method of displaying intermediate colors that don’t exist in a limited palette by using a pattern of small dots out of that palette.

Gamma

Relationship between input video voltage and output brightness. Determines how mid-tones appear as eye sensitivity is non-linear and display devices use different methods to account for this as well as their own display characteristics.

Gray Scale

A table of shading devoid of color, progressing from black to white. The number of discernible gray levels defines the color resolution of the display device and is used to evaluate color acuity and contrast.

Rainbow Effect

An image anomaly that can be seen by a small percentage of people when viewing a single chip DLP front or rear projection system. The anomaly appears as a color breakup at the edge of objects when the eye transitions rapidly between light and dark areas of the image. The problem is characteristic of sequential color systems with low refresh rates.

Screen Gain

As it applies to projectors, gain is the measurement of a projection screen’s light reflectance with unity gain being one. A high gain screen will reflect more light along a narrower path than lower gain screen. Screen gains under one use a gray screen to absorb ambient light to help maintain contrast ratios.
 
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